Driving in Oaxaca

It’s not for the faint of heart.

Driving in Oaxaca can be daunting, especially if you are a foreigner who doesn’t live here. It is for me, and I’ve lived here for twenty years and driven a car here for sixteen of those. First off, you need to know that while car rental costs may be reasonable, you cannot drive here without Mexican insurance. If you are in an accident, you are presumed guilty and will be jailed, no questions asked. When you buy Mexican insurance through a rental agency, it can cost four to five times more than the rental cost.

Then, city traffic is daunting. Streets are clogged. Local drivers may double-park on the street, their emergency lights flashing, making the right lane impassable, leaving you barely enough room to squeeze by in the single remaining lane. Then there are the buses.  The major thoroughfares are filled with them, and they stop at every corner. Get stuck behind a bus and it feels like you are waiting forever.  Try to squeeze around it, and you are in for a wait for whoever will let you in. Turn signals are ignored.

Pedestrians don’t have the right of way, but that doesn’t stop people from leaping out in front of you when you least expect it. You can count on some drivers who will run red lights. So, if the light turns green, don’t take it as a signal that you can move ahead through an intersection unrestricted. There will always be someone in a hurry running a yellow light. Plus, there are those nasty sancudos (we call them mosquitos) — these are the motorcycles that appear from no where to pass on either right or left.

There are serpentine intersections where the right lane swerves left, and if you don’t pay attention, you will go straight and be confronted with cars coming toward you. This occurs at the corner of Avenida Heroes de Chapultepec and the Baseball Stadium.  Once, to correct myself at the last minute, I had to drive over a huge concrete median to avoid hitting cars coming directly at me. Another such intersection is where Mex 175—Avenida Eduardo Mata meets Avenida Simbolos Patrios which goes to the airport and then on over the mountains to Puerto Escondido.

I can be driving in the right lane. Suddenly, a car sneaks up on my right, passes in front almost perpendicular, and crosses over to the left to make a left turn. They are impatient and do not want to wait in line in the left turn lane. I see this repeatedly—a deft move we never see in the USA. People here are bold.

How does one get a driver’s license in Oaxaca? This is what is required: One takes an online driver’s exam that consists of 15 multiple-choice questions that must be completed within 30 minutes. The passing score is 12 correct answers. This is done at home and online, so anyone can look up the correct answers. You then take a printout of the score to the local driver’s license office, pay a fee – about $150 dollars, and you have a license. No driver’s test is required. Most drivers are not qualified, IMHO.

Then there are the taxis and colectivos that travel the highways between remote villages and the city, carrying passengers who have no personal vehicles. The colectivos are always packed, usually with four or five people in the back seat and two passengers in the front, one stuck straddling the stick shift. (No one wants that spot.) The drivers make more money when they can get as many round trips into a day as possible, so they go fast, faster than the speed limit. If the speed limit is 90 kilometers per hour (56 mph), they may go 120 (75 mph). The MEX 190 highway that goes from my village and the city has two lanes, one in each direction. But it functions as a four-lane highway. There is always someone going faster, passing on left or right, and it is common to see an accident involving a motorcycle, a taxi, and another passenger vehicle. I’m super vigilant when I drive this road.

Would I recommend renting a car and driving around yourself? NO. I suggest you hire a taxi or car service to take you where you want to go, make a reservation with a guide, or take a tour. You will not be frazzled, and you will enjoy your time here even more.

It’s a Dog’s Life in the Campo

Twelve years ago, when I moved into my casita in the campo, I was the only one out here except for a few wild dogs, discarded by owners because they were either no longer cute puppies, grew bigger than expected and ate too much, or needed veterinary care that was too expensive. It was all milpas then, corn fields intermingled with squash and beans, the traditional indigenous diet of Mexico. I remember hearing the raucous caw of crows, the high-pitched screams of coyotes at dusk, the rustling of dried corn leaves in winter, the proliferation of orange-flowered wild marigolds ready for plucking during Day of the Dead, and blood-red poinsettias, native to this area, shooting out from the tops of long stalks at Christmas. Earth has her cycles, and I am part of it here.

The campo is the agricultural fields beyond the Rio Grande, the small stream that borders the village on the north side.  It used to be the outskirts of the village, but no more. As the population grew and more migrants returned home after years of working abroad and sending money home to build, new houses began to proliferate in the campo.

In the summer rainy season, water gushes down from the reservoir on the foothills, built eighty years ago. It is the source of life here. I still see the grandmothers in their faded gray, black, and wine-red plaid wrap-around handwoven skirts worn thin from more than fifty years of washing. The skirts are secured at the waist with loomed red belts dyed with cochineal, decorated with fringes and tassels. Sometimes, I see the the abuelas washing laundry in this stream, kneeling and bending to rinse, drying their laundry on the bushes lining the stream. Here, donkeys and horses drink their fill, too. Here, the wild dogs wallow in the mud to clean themselves, taking refreshment, as well.

This morning, the birds are singing. In the distance, I hear the cocks crowing and dogs barking. It is past breakfast time. Two days ago, as I walked, two hiking sticks in hand to guide me over uneven terrain, I circled the periphery of the two-acre property I live on. It was late in the day, and I could feel the chill beginning to set in. It will be cold tonight, I thought.

As I circled, I decided to make a detour behind my casita. I noticed a small, black, furry lump huddled in the corner of the concrete platform that holds the water cistern I use for the plants. It was a whimpering puppy. I scooped it up, and its small body was shaking uncontrollably. What could I do but rescue it, bring it inside, make it warm, feed it? What I would do beyond that was never in my consciousness.

You may remember that about a year-and-a-half ago, I wrote about the black dog named Zopilote that I tried to rescue and who escaped. I wanted to capture, adopt, and neuter her before she could have babies. I was not successful. This time, I wasn’t going to let that happen again. When I returned here in early January, my family told me Zopi was dead, either poisoned or killed with a gun. Life for dogs in the campo is harsh.

When I looked at this puppy, I knew she was part of Zopilote’s lineage, with long legs, wide black eyes, a well-shaped pointed nose, and black fur with white paw markings. She was beautiful. My friend, Arnulfo, identified her as a she. But I didn’t name her, not knowing if I would keep her. I didn’t want to bond. She curled up on my lap, turned her head to look at me with doleful eyes and I was hooked. I wrote to Merry Foss who runs Teo Tails, a sterilization clinic here. What do I feed her? I asked. Impatient, I looked online. No cow milk. That’s good. All I have is almond milk; I warmed it up to wrist temperature, just like you do for a baby. I used a small spoon to bring the liquid to her mouth, and she began to lap. I tipped the cup and she slurped it all up.

That night, she wailed. I put in earplugs and wrapped the blankets over my head. Finally, I fell asleep. Eventually, she did, too, settling into a corner in the living room, her nose tight against the corner where the north and east walls meet, where I found her in the morning. Her cries were baby-like, yearning for her mother. I put her on my lap to soothe her.

Merry said, take her to the veterinary clinic she works with in Tlacolula. So, I did. The vet said, this baby was sick with intestinal inflammation, mucous, and fleas. She was pegged at two months old, and undernourished. After administering the exam and then dosing with proper medicine, the vet opened a small pouch of food, and I hand fed the puppy. I left with her tucked into a shopping bag after paying the equivalent $50 USD bill, and medicine, syringes, and puppy food, along with a list of instructions in hand.

At home, we settled into the hammock. It was a spectacular afternoon. Clear blue skies, 78-degree weather, puffy clouds floating over the 11,000-foot high mountains. We were shielded from the sun by a guaje tree, red pods ripe with dangling overhead, an ancient source of sustenance. Guaje is an acacia tree native to southern Mexico that produces long, flat pods filled with crisp tender green seeds. These seeds have a very pleasant, mild garlic flavor. They look, feel, and taste similar to pumpkin seeds. The tree’s fringed leaves left mottled shadows below. It was like swinging under a canopy. A yellow songbird perched on one of the branches. The puppy, still unnamed, was splayed on my belly dozing intermittently between deep sighs.

She got up, stretched, and began panting. Her legs were unsteady on the hammock. She peered over the edge, pushed her head through the netting, walked across my outstretched body, and seemed restless. I thought she needed to pee. So, I swung my legs around, stood up, and put her on the ground. She steadied herself and in seconds, she took off for the corn fields and disappeared.

I’m angry at myself for not knowing better. I believed this puppy had bonded with me and would stay close. I had dreams of her trailing me, little black tail wagging. I imagined training her to fetch, to obey on command, to wear a collar and be led by a leash. I would get her spayed at five months old and she would become my companion for the rest of my days here. The other two campo dogs, Butch and Tia, came to me fully formed. Butch was about six when he appeared. Tia was yearling. That was eight years ago. Butch now has trouble walking and Tia has slowed down considerably. A new puppy felt right.

I loved the feeling of having this small animal nestled on me. I loved touching her fur, rubbing her little nose, scratching her head, and stroking her. I thought This is just what I need. In an instant of misjudgment, she was gone. I doubt she will return. The call of the pack is powerful. This is about ancient instincts. I have to accept and let go. Another lesson learned.

A Writer’s Life in Teotitlan del Valle, Oaxaca

Oh, goodness. Where to start? Since Thursday evening, January 2, I have participated in a women’s creative writing workshop retreat in the Oaxaca village of Teotitlan del Valle. I have produced this workshop (or something like it) for the past fourteen years (minus the last two, when we took a break). We end on Wednesday morning, January 8, and I find myself digging deeper because I’m thinking about writing a memoir.


This could be considered a daunting task, but I am learning that this type of writing can come in chunks and snippets and does not need to be complete. It can be a series of essays that string together in a related and meaningful way — or not. Randomness is something I try to embrace. Maybe it’s because my brain works that way.


Our writing instructor, Marcia Meier, says that writing a memoir is more about taking things out than putting things in. She also emphasizes that most of us have several memoirs in us. You can write as many memoirs as you have had different experiences.


Different from an autobiography, which is a factual accounting, usually from birth to the time of writing and encompassing events, relationships, achievements, and challenges, a memoir focuses on specific themes, emotions, and reflections. This is a more personal and introspective approach to writing. A short memoir can be several hundred words, pages, or more. It doesn’t have to be 50-100,000 words! The key is to focus on telling a compelling and cohesive story, regardless of length.


Marcia has had over 10 books published, plus many essays, and creative works. She ran a California writer’s conference and literary press. She was a journalist, university professor, editor, teacher, and coach. Her memoir, Face, took her fifteen years to write, edit, and submit for publication. This must have been a daunting task and an inspiration for each of us. This book won the New Mexico-Arizona Book Award.

Each day, Marcia gives us writing exercises for inspiration. She reads us poetry, prose, memoirs, and fiction by familiar writers or some we have never heard of. She gives us challenges: identify an inanimate object and have it speak to you about who you are and where you live. She asks us to list our fears about our writing and anyone connected to it. What would they say or think if they read this? She gives us colored pencils and paper and instructs us to draw our dreams. She opens a box of play dough and asks us to shape something meaningful. These exercises open us up to the writing process, freeing us from constraints.



We dig deep into memoirs, creative non-fiction, and personal essays. Our participants range from novice to experienced. This year, women have come from Sydney, Australia, Oaxaca, California, Arizona, and New Mexico, to write.


We are now on day five with one more to go. This is a small, intimate group. We read what we have written to each other, giving supportive feedback. No one is critical. We are all in this together.

What participants say about Marcia Meier.

Open, gracious, and encouraging
Supportive, gentle, calm
Detailed, positive, organized
Welcoming, knowledgeable, informative
Inspiring, insightful, humorous
Expressive, honest, real

One participant says: She pulls out what we didn’t know was there. She has given me the tools and confidence to write about what makes me happy and sad. She is warm and a great instructor. Her teaching is empowering and transformative, and her style is both nurturing and stimulating.

We will consider offering this workshop in 2026 for six or seven days in Teotitlan del Valle, Oaxaca. If you are interested in knowing more, please send me an email. We will put you on an interested list and notify you when we have more details.


Holiday Greetings! Best of the Best Oaxaca Photo Workshop

Sending you warmest greetings from sunny, sparkly Taos, New Mexico, where we are basking in high desert winter sunshine and 50 degrees (20 degrees above average). Perfect walking weather. Global warming? Definitely!

I’m getting ready to return to Oaxaca on December 30. I won’t be complaining about the mid-70’s there. I want to thank you for a spectacular year for Oaxaca Cultural Navigator (OCN). As I focus more and more on health and well-being, I am grateful to YOU, who read and follow and shop here. And, special gratitude for Eric Chavez Santiago and his wife Elsa Sanchez Diaz who are my OCN partners. They are managing so many of the details that I no longer have the bandwidth to concentrate on. They are a blessing to me. I’m also grateful to the many artists and artisans who we know. They contribute their family history, talent, and resourcefulness to what we do, and welcome our guests with open arms and kindness.

As we close out 2024, I want to share with you the Best of the Best Photos from our October Day of the Dead Photography Workshop in Teotitlan del Valle with Luvia Lazo. Luvia had a private session with each workshop participant, and they selected the three best photos they took during our three days together. Here they are:

Andrea James, Santa Fe, New Mexico

Mai Nguyen, New York City

Sherri Kratchmer, Alberta, Canada

Ted Fahy, Ajijic, Lake Chapala, Mexico

Priscilla Taylor, Ajijic, Lake Chapala, Mexico

Eric Chavez Santiago, Oaxaca, Mexico

Norma Schafer, Taos, NM, and Oaxaca, Mexico

A Word From Luvia Lazo Gutierrez, Award-Winning Photographer

A long time ago, I participated in a workshop that Norma organized. She brought professional photographers from the Duke University Center for Documentary Studies to Oaxaca to teach us about composition, lighting, tips, and tools for using the camera. This opportunity helped immensely to improve my approach to photography.

Over the years, I discovered the most important tool for me: Storytelling. There came a point in my career when I realized that as long as I could tell a story in a natural, honest, and sincere way, it would bring me more joy and create deeper empathy with the subjects I was portraying.

When I was invited to give this workshop, my challenge was to teach this lesson to the participants: How do we begin to see again without being influenced by everything we have learned from others? How do we start to discover our personal way of seeing the world through the lens of our cameras?

Teaching is an honor because it provides the opportunity to exchange ideas, learn, and share. During this workshop, I emphasized that we all have a story to tell and a unique way of seeing the world. The photographs that each participant took, reflected this, and I couldn’t be happier with the results.

Are you interested in our next Portrait and Street Photography Workshop in 2026 with Luvia?

Send an email and we will add you to our interested list.

Sweetening the Pot, Now 25% OFF Oaxaca + Chiapas Textiles

Still time! Brighten your holiday season with a stunning selection of handmade clothing from Oaxaca and Chiapas — to wear or to gift. We offer 11 pieces today. Get it before 12/24 (depending on the post office) — order today. I will mail within 24 hours of your purchase.

How to Buy: Send me an email to tell me which item(s) you want BY NUMBER and by name of item. Send me your name, mailing address, email address, and phone number. Tell me if you want to purchase using a Zelle transfer or a credit card. If you use a credit card, we add a 4% service fee. There is no extra fee for using Zelle. If you want Zelle, please tell me how your Zelle account is registered. For mailing, I will add a $14 packing and mailing charge. 

I will calculate discount and send a funds request. Thank you!

#1. Holiday Table Dressing. A tablecloth handwoven on the flying shuttle loom in Oaxaca, this black and white pattern measures 96″ long x 54″ wide — big enough for a table with 10 chairs! 100% cotton. Hand-tied fringes. Machine wash and dry. $125

#2. Turquoise Square Neck Blouse with hand-embroidered details. This design is traditional on the Oaxaca coast, found everywhere from the ocean to the mountains. The embroidery work is exceptional and dense, executed on high quality Mexican cotton cloth called manta. Measures 23″ wide x 26″ long. $95.

SOLD. #4. This is the most finely woven garment made on the back strap loom that we know about, coming from the Guatemala-Mexico border, woven by Mayan women in the town of Coban (where we will visit on our upcoming Guatemala tour). Lightweight for summer. Beautifully crafted. Measures 26″ wide x 36″ long. Underpriced at $195.

#5. Fine Italian linen is embroidered and finished in San Cristobal de las Casas by one of the best cooperatives we have found. Machine wash. Hang to dry. Iron on medium heat. A great and festive layering piece, too. Measures 24″ wide x 26″ long. $165

#6. Woven on the back strap loom in Pinotepa de Don Luis, Oaxaca, high above the coast. It is trimmed with cotton threads dyed with caracol purpura, the rare purple snail dye. High quality industrial cotton from the State of Puebla. Machine wash cold/gentle. Hang to dry. Measures 22″ wide x 26″ long. $165

#7. Along the Dominican Route high in the Mixteca Alta (we have space on this spring tour) we find weaving and embroidery villages doing exceptional work. This is a locally designed and embroidered blouse in manta cotton, embellished with a floral motif done in wine-colored threads. 100% cotton. Machine wash. Hang to dry. Measures 21″ wide x 26″ long. $68

#8. Cheery Cherry Embroidered Blouse. Same blouse as above, just in cherry colored embroidery. Sam measurements. $68

#9. Casa Textil in San Cristobal de las Casas designed this open-front, open-sided poncho with the weavers of San Juan Cancuc using the finest cotton materials. Terrific holiday dressing or any time during the year. The geometry of the design and the precision are outstanding. 100% cotton. Measures 35″ wide x 27″ long. $235

#10. Not far from where I live in the Tlacolula Valley is the apron village of San Miguel del Valle. They work free hand on an embroidery sewing machine to create these dense floral designs. This one is an eye-popper! Dare to be bold this holiday season. Dress up your cooking preparations with this amazing apron. Machine wash and dry. Measures 19″ wide x 30″ long. Ties in back. $95

#11. Rust Red Flower Garden Apron measures 17″ wide x 30″ long. Size S-XS. Buttons and ties in the back. A cacaphony of color, this exquisitely embroidered apron is perfect for holiday entertaining. $85

#12. Hand-woven on the back strap loom, this 100% cotton cloth is dyed with alderwood, then meticulously sewn into a pullover shirt. It measures 24″ wide x 25″ long. The sleeves are 18″ long from the shoulder seam — stylish when rolled up, too. $65

Thank you for looking and shopping. I’m happy to combine more than one purchase into one mailing package to save mailing costs!